使用 Homebrew, apk, apt, dnf, MacPorts, Nix, pacman 安装 xpdf

项目链接

• 主页

命令和别名

• pdftopng
• xpdf

项目历史

The official Xpdf about page says Xpdf was first released in 1995, written by Derek Noonburg, and still developed by him. Early Xpdf was closely associated with Unix and the X Window System; modern Xpdf uses Qt and ships cross-platform tools for Linux, Windows, and Mac.

Xpdf's code became a base for a broader ecosystem. Poppler's README states that Poppler is a fork of the Xpdf PDF viewer developed by Derek Noonburg of Glyph & Cog, created to provide shared PDF rendering functionality and centralize maintenance effort for applications that had embedded Xpdf-derived code.

The project later separated branding between the open source xpdf package and XpdfReader. The official site describes XpdfReader as a closed-source viewer build with extra features, while the xpdf package remains the open source viewer and tool collection.

采用历史

Xpdf became a fixture on Unix-like systems because it was small, scriptable, and useful before PDF support was built into every desktop environment. The command-line tools made it valuable even for users who never launched the GUI viewer: pdftotext, pdfinfo, pdffonts, pdfimages, pdftops, pdftoppm, and pdftopng fit naturally into shell pipelines.

Poppler's creation shows the scale of downstream adoption. Its README says many applications incorporated the Xpdf code base and that duplicated security and maintenance work motivated a shared library fork using modern Unix desktop components such as fontconfig and cairo.

Today Xpdf remains relevant as a compact upstream toolkit and as a historical root of PDF handling in free desktops. Some distributions package Xpdf-derived viewers differently from Poppler utilities, but the conceptual split between viewer, rendering engine, and CLI PDF tools is part of Xpdf's legacy.

使用方式

Typical package usage is split between viewing and conversion. Users launch xpdf to read a document, or use command-line tools to extract text, inspect metadata and fonts, convert pages to images, convert PDFs to PostScript or HTML, and extract embedded images or attachments.

The configuration file xpdfrc controls viewer and tool behavior, including font paths, language support, and related settings. That makes Xpdf useful in both interactive desktop setups and controlled batch environments where predictable PDF extraction matters.

Because PDFs are untrusted document inputs, Xpdf and its descendants also matter to security maintenance. Poppler explicitly calls out PDF rendering as sensitive to security bugs, and the shared-library fork was partly a response to the maintenance burden of many applications carrying Xpdf-derived code.

为什么软件包爱好者会关心

Xpdf is one of the classic examples of a small Unix GUI application whose command-line utilities became just as important as the viewer. Packaging it gives users a PDF reader, but it also gives scripts a set of focused PDF inspection and conversion commands.

Its relationship with Poppler is historically important for package maintainers: one upstream codebase became both a standalone viewer/toolkit and the origin point for a shared rendering library used by many other applications. That fork explains why similar PDF tools and libraries often appear side by side in package collections.

Xpdf also sits at the intersection of old X11 desktop software and modern cross-platform Qt software, making it a useful marker of how long-lived Unix tools survive by keeping a stable command-line surface while changing GUI/toolkit internals.

时间线

• 1995: Xpdf is first released, according to the official Xpdf about page.
• 2000s: Xpdf code is widely reused by PDF viewers and tools, creating maintenance pressure around duplicated embedded code.
• 2005: Poppler is created as a fork of Xpdf to provide shared PDF rendering functionality and modern desktop integration.
• 2010s: Xpdf 4.x moves the viewer line to a Qt-based, cross-platform presentation under the XpdfReader site.
• 2025-11-14: The official download page lists Xpdf 4.06 as the current release.

Related projects

• Poppler is the major Xpdf-derived PDF rendering library used by many free-desktop applications.
• Evince and Okular are adjacent desktop PDF viewers commonly associated with Poppler-based stacks.
• BePDF, !PDF, SWFTools, PDFKit, and other projects are listed by Xpdf as open source projects based on Xpdf.
• MuPDF and PDF.js are related PDF engines with different implementation and packaging tradeoffs.

来源

• https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/-/raw/master/README.md
• https://www.xpdfreader.com/
• https://www.xpdfreader.com/about.html
• https://www.xpdfreader.com/download.html
• https://www.xpdfreader.com/opensource.html