# 使用 Homebrew, Nix, apk, apt, dnf 安装 duo_unix 查看 duo_unix 的安装路径、可执行文件、元数据以及面向 AI 代理工作流的安全说明。 ## 安装 ```sh sudo av install brew:duo_unix ``` 其他安装命令: ### macOS - Homebrew (100%): ```sh brew install duo_unix ``` 证据: local Homebrew formula metadata ### Linux - Nix (92%): ```sh nix profile install nixpkgs#duo-unix ``` 证据: nixpkgs package indexes: pkgs/by-name/du/duo-unix/package.nix from https://api.github.com/repos/NixOS/nixpkgs/git/trees/master?recursive=1 - apk (92%): ```sh sudo apk add duo_unix ``` 证据: Alpine Linux edge package indexes: duo_unix from https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz - Debian apt (92%): ```sh sudo apt install libduo-dev ``` 证据: Debian stable package indexes: libduo-dev from https://deb.debian.org/debian/dists/stable/main/binary-amd64/Packages.xz - dnf (92%): ```sh sudo dnf install duo_unix ``` 证据: Fedora Rawhide package metadata: duo_unix from https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/development/rawhide/Everything/x86_64/os/repodata/07190dc5ae9f35ae73866675fed6d95fe6e8d9fe22c9d7cdf85862cb2ed24a4c-primary.xml.zst ## 软件包事实 - **软件包键:** brew:duo_unix - **软件包管理器:** Homebrew - **版本:** 2.2.3 - **来源摘要:** Two-factor authentication for SSH - **主页:** - **仓库:** - **最后更新:** 2026-06-22T14:03:12-07:00 - **已生成:** 2026-08-03T19:37:03+00:00 ## 可执行文件 - duo_unix_support.sh (别名) - login_duo (别名) ## 安装行为 - Bottle: 不可用 ## 版本和新鲜度 - 页面生成时间: 2026-08-03 - 管理器版本: 2.2.3 ## 项目历史与用法 Duo Unix is Duo Security's Unix integration for adding Duo two-factor authentication to SSH, sudo, and other PAM-protected services. It packages two important surfaces: the `pam_duo` PAM module and the `login_duo` standalone login wrapper. ### 项目历史 The public Duo Unix repository was created in 2011 and is maintained by Duo Security. The README describes it as Duo two-factor authentication for Unix systems, with the repository intended for development or cutting-edge versions while stable release tarballs and packages are recommended for production deployments. The project is written mainly in C and uses traditional Unix build machinery: bootstrap, configure, make, and make install. Its docs and README center on the practical security integration points: PAM, login wrappers, OpenSSL-backed TLS, and config files containing Duo integration keys and API host information. ### 采用历史 Duo Unix adoption follows Duo's enterprise MFA adoption path: administrators add a Duo Unix integration in the Duo Admin Panel, deploy packages or stable tarballs, configure SSH or sudo, and place integration credentials in `/etc/duo` or `/etc/security` config files. Package metadata shows distribution through Homebrew, Alpine, Debian/Ubuntu development packages, Fedora, and Nix. That breadth matters because PAM integrations are usually installed by OS package managers on servers rather than vendored into applications. ### 使用方式 Typical usage is to install Duo Unix with PAM support, create a Unix integration in the Duo Admin Panel, put the integration key, secret key, and API hostname into `pam_duo.conf` or `login_duo.conf`, and then wire `pam_duo` into the PAM stack for SSH or sudo. `login_duo` can also protect command execution without PAM. The README shows a test invocation that runs a command only after successful Duo authentication. ### 为什么软件包爱好者会关心 Duo Unix is package-nerd significant because it lives at a high-risk boundary: a small C package, config files with secrets, PAM modules, and remote MFA API calls can affect whether administrators can log into their own machines. Its packaging history illustrates why security integrations stay conservative: upstream points production users at stable tarballs/packages, while the GitHub repo remains the development surface. For package managers, correct file placement and clear upgrade behavior matter as much as the executable. ### 时间线 - 2011: The public duosecurity/duo_unix repository is created. - 2025: Duo Unix 2.1.0 and 2.2.x releases are published on GitHub. - 2026: The repository remains active with updates and package-manager distribution across multiple Unix-like systems. ### Related projects - Duo Security's Unix integration and Admin Panel are the operational counterpart to the open-source Unix package. - OpenPAM/Linux-PAM, OpenSSH, sudo, and OpenSSL are adjacent infrastructure because Duo Unix plugs into PAM-protected login flows and uses the system OpenSSL library for TLS. ### 来源 - - - - ## 安全说明 broad file, network, media, or database tool signal. - **Geiger 风险:** blue / 中 - broad file, network, media, or database tool signal ## Configuration and credential file locations These source-backed paths show where this package keeps local settings or durable credentials. Automic Vault can use them as review targets for secret scanning, migration, and command approval. ## Configuration files - Unix: /etc/duo/pam_duo.conf, /etc/security/pam_duo.conf, /etc/duo/login_duo.conf, /etc/security/login_duo.conf ## Credential files - Unix: /etc/duo/pam_duo.conf, /etc/security/pam_duo.conf, /etc/duo/login_duo.conf, /etc/security/login_duo.conf ## 其他软件包管理器记录 - Debian apt - libduo-dev - 1.11.3-1.2+b1: normalized package name match | Debian stable package indexes: libduo-dev from https://deb.debian.org/debian/dists/stable/main/binary-amd64/Packages.xz | Duo Security development libraries and header files | https://github.com/duosecurity/duo_unix - Debian apt - libduo3t64 - 1.11.3-1.2+b1: normalized package name match | Debian stable package indexes: libduo3t64 from https://deb.debian.org/debian/dists/stable/main/binary-amd64/Packages.xz | Duo Security library | https://github.com/duosecurity/duo_unix - Debian apt - libpam-duo - 1.11.3-1.2+b1: normalized package name match | Debian stable package indexes: libpam-duo from https://deb.debian.org/debian/dists/stable/main/binary-amd64/Packages.xz | PAM module for Duo Security two-factor authentication | https://github.com/duosecurity/duo_unix - Debian apt - login-duo - 1.11.3-1.2+b1: normalized package name match | Debian stable package indexes: login-duo from https://deb.debian.org/debian/dists/stable/main/binary-amd64/Packages.xz | login wrapper for Duo Security two-factor authentication | https://github.com/duosecurity/duo_unix - Nix - duo-unix: normalized package name match | nixpkgs package indexes: pkgs/by-name/du/duo-unix/package.nix from https://api.github.com/repos/NixOS/nixpkgs/git/trees/master?recursive=1 - Ubuntu apt - libduo-dev - 1.11.3-1.1build2: normalized package name match | Ubuntu 24.04 LTS package indexes: libduo-dev from https://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/noble/universe/binary-amd64/Packages.gz | Duo Security development libraries and header files | https://github.com/duosecurity/duo_unix - Ubuntu apt - libduo3t64 - 1.11.3-1.1build2: normalized package name match | Ubuntu 24.04 LTS package indexes: libduo3t64 from https://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/noble/universe/binary-amd64/Packages.gz | Duo Security library | https://github.com/duosecurity/duo_unix - Ubuntu apt - libpam-duo - 1.11.3-1.1build2: normalized package name match | Ubuntu 24.04 LTS package indexes: libpam-duo from https://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/noble/universe/binary-amd64/Packages.gz | PAM module for Duo Security two-factor authentication | https://github.com/duosecurity/duo_unix - Ubuntu apt - login-duo - 1.11.3-1.1build2: normalized package name match | Ubuntu 24.04 LTS package indexes: login-duo from https://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/noble/universe/binary-amd64/Packages.gz | login wrapper for Duo Security two-factor authentication | https://github.com/duosecurity/duo_unix - apk - duo_unix - 1.12.1-r2: normalized package name match | Alpine Linux edge package indexes: duo_unix from https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz | Duo two-factor authentication for Unix systems with Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM) | https://duo.com/docs/duounix - apk - duo_unix-dev - 1.12.1-r2: normalized package name match | Alpine Linux edge package indexes: duo_unix-dev from https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz | Duo two-factor authentication for Unix systems with Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM) (development files) | https://duo.com/docs/duounix - apk - duo_unix-doc - 1.12.1-r2: normalized package name match | Alpine Linux edge package indexes: duo_unix-doc from https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz | Duo two-factor authentication for Unix systems with Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM) (documentation) | https://duo.com/docs/duounix - dnf - duo_unix - 2.2.3-4.fc45: normalized package name match | Fedora Rawhide package metadata: duo_unix from https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/development/rawhide/Everything/x86_64/os/repodata/07190dc5ae9f35ae73866675fed6d95fe6e8d9fe22c9d7cdf85862cb2ed24a4c-primary.xml.zst | Duo two-factor authentication for UNIX systems | https://duo.com/ - dnf - duo_unix-devel - 2.2.3-4.fc45: normalized package name match | Fedora Rawhide package metadata: duo_unix-devel from https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/development/rawhide/Everything/x86_64/os/repodata/07190dc5ae9f35ae73866675fed6d95fe6e8d9fe22c9d7cdf85862cb2ed24a4c-primary.xml.zst | Development files and documentation for duo_unix | https://duo.com/ - dnf - duo_unix-doc - 2.2.3-4.fc45: normalized package name match | Fedora Rawhide package metadata: duo_unix-doc from https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/development/rawhide/Everything/x86_64/os/repodata/07190dc5ae9f35ae73866675fed6d95fe6e8d9fe22c9d7cdf85862cb2ed24a4c-primary.xml.zst | Documentation and license files for duo_unix | https://duo.com/ - dnf - duo_unix-selinux - 2.2.3-4.fc45: normalized package name match | Fedora Rawhide package metadata: duo_unix-selinux from https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/development/rawhide/Everything/x86_64/os/repodata/07190dc5ae9f35ae73866675fed6d95fe6e8d9fe22c9d7cdf85862cb2ed24a4c-primary.xml.zst | SELinux rules for duo_unix | https://duo.com/ ## Combined YAML source View the package source record on GitHub. [combined/duo_unix.yml](https://github.com/mxcl/pkgdb/blob/main/combined/duo_unix.yml) ## 来源 - pkg.so package database - Geiger risk classifier - curated configuration and credential file locations - curated package history - pkgdb category and tag curation - external package-manager database matches - cross-ecosystem install command graph